Abstract A pseudo-Anosov (pA) is a homeomorphism of a compact connected surface S that, away from a finite set of points, acts locally as a linear map with one expanding and one contracting eigendirection. Ubiquitous yet mysterious, pAs have fascinated low-dimensional topologists and dynamicists for the past forty years. We show that any pA on the sphere whose associated quadratic differential ...
AbstractUnless it is a flat connection, an affine connection cannot be at the same time projectively flat (geodesics being straight lines) and conformal (conformal structure being preserved by parallel transport). This impossibility is examplified by the two standard models of hyperbolic geometry: Beltrami and Poincaré models. We define stiff connections by weakening the conformality hypothesis...